{"id":646,"date":"2014-11-25T12:44:53","date_gmt":"2014-11-25T12:44:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/2014\/11\/25\/kadina-yonelik-siddete-karsi-uluslararasi-mucadele-gunu\/"},"modified":"2014-11-25T12:44:53","modified_gmt":"2014-11-25T12:44:53","slug":"kadina-yonelik-siddete-karsi-uluslararasi-mucadele-gunu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/2014\/11\/25\/kadina-yonelik-siddete-karsi-uluslararasi-mucadele-gunu\/","title":{"rendered":"KADINA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u015e\u0130DDETE KAR\u015eI ULUSLARARASI M\u00dcCADELE G\u00dcN\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1999<\/a>\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0<\/span>kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddete<\/a>kar\u015f\u0131 toplumda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak amac\u0131yla\u00a0<\/span>BM Genel Kurulu<\/a>\u00a0karar\u0131 ile ilan edilen g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

BM Genel Kurulu\u00a0<\/span>1999<\/a>\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0<\/span>25 Kas\u0131m<\/a>\u00a0g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc Kad\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik \u015eiddete Kar\u015f\u0131 Uluslararas\u0131 M\u00fccadele G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ilan etti. Bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn 25 Kas\u0131m olarak belirlenmesinin nedeni 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0<\/span>Dominik Cumhuriyeti<\/a>‘nde meydana gelen bir olaya dayanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkeyi\u00a0<\/span>diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckle<\/a>\u00a0y\u00f6neten\u00a0<\/span>Rafael Trujillo<\/a>‘ya kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilinen\u00a0<\/span>Mirabal karde\u015fler<\/a>\u00a0adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131z karde\u015f, Trujillo’nun: “\u00dclkede iki tehlike var: Kilise ve Mirabal Karde\u015fler” \u015feklinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamadan g\u00fcnler sonra tecav\u00fcz edilerek vah\u015fice \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE DURUM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131lda en az 25 t\u00f6re cinayetinin i\u015flendi\u011fi belirtilmektedir. Fakat ger\u00e7ek say\u0131 bunun \u00e7ok \u00fczerindedir. Namus ve t\u00f6re ad\u0131na kad\u0131nlara y\u00f6nelik k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, i\u015fkence, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme, intihara zorlama oran\u0131 son y\u0131llarda %25 oran\u0131nda artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cinsel E\u011fitim, Tedavi ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada namus \/ t\u00f6re ad\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylemiyle i\u015flenen cinayetlere ili\u015fkin tutumlar incelendi\u011finde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan bireylerin %19\u2019unun bu ifadeye kesinlikle veya k\u0131smen kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Kad\u0131nlar kendileri i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli olarak kabul edilen evlerinde \u015fiddete u\u011framaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6zellikle e\u015ften ayr\u0131lma devresi kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in \u015fiddet riskinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir devredir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ay\u015fe G\u00fcl Alt\u0131nay ve Ye\u015fim Arat taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kad\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik \u015eiddet\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmada\u00a0her \u00fc\u00e7 kad\u0131ndan birinin<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0fiziksel \u015fiddet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayat\u0131 boyunca\u201d e\u015finden en az bir kez fiziksel \u015fiddet g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye genelinde % 35, Do\u011fu Anadolu genelinde ise % 40 bulunmu\u015ftur. En az bir kez fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerin T\u00fcrkiye genelinde % 49\u2019unun, do\u011fu genelinde ise % 63\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn bu durumdan daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 kimseye s\u00f6z etmemi\u015f olmalar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. T\u00fcrkiye genelinde \u015fiddet g\u00f6ren her iki kad\u0131ndan biri (do\u011fuda her \u00fc\u00e7 kad\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k ikisi) e\u015finden g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fiddetle tek ba\u015f\u0131na m\u00fccadele etmek durumunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Kocalar\u0131ndan bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f veya ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kad\u0131nlarda fiziksel \u015fiddet deneyiminin % 78 gibi \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek bir oranlara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmektedir. E\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi artt\u0131k\u00e7a fiziksel \u015fiddet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 azalmaktad\u0131r. Okuma yazma bilmeyen kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda en az bir kez fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 %43 iken, y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda bu oran % 12\u2019dir. E\u015fi okuryazar olmayankad\u0131nlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0en az bir kez fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerken, e\u015fin e\u011fitimi y\u00fcksekokul ve \u00fcniversite d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu oran % 18\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Aradaki fark ne kadar anlaml\u0131 olsa da, y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00a0alt\u0131 erkekten birinin<\/strong>\u00a0e\u015fine fiziksel \u015fiddet uyguluyor olmas\u0131 da dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Gelir d\u00fczeyi artt\u0131k\u00e7a fiziksel \u015fiddet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n hane geliri 2500 YTL\u2019nin \u00fczerindeolan her d\u00f6rt ailenin birinde<\/strong>\u00a0bile\u00a0fiziksel \u015fiddet<\/strong>ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130llerde oturan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kalma oranlar\u0131 il\u00e7elerde oturanlara g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k % 42 daha fazlad\u0131r. Daya\u011f\u0131n en az ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerle\u015fim birimleri il\u00e7eler, en \u00e7ok ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerler ise illerdir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n % 14\u2019\u00fc en az bir kez \u201cistemedi\u011fi zamanlarda cinsel ili\u015fkiye zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dn\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Cinsel \u015fiddete u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerin % 67\u2019si ayn\u0131 zamanda fiziksel \u015fiddete de maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Kad\u0131n\u0131n Stat\u00fcs\u00fc Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (KSGM), T\u00fcrkiye Istatistik Kurumu (TU\u0130K) ve Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi N\u00fcfus Et\u00fctleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen, 17.168 ki\u015fi ile yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere dayanan ve 2009 ocak ay\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kad\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik \u015eiddet raporu<\/strong>\u201dna g\u00f6re de evli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n % 11- 29\u2019u e\u015finden a\u011f\u0131r derecede fiziksel \u015fiddet g\u00f6rmektedir. En y\u00fcksek oran Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu ve Orta Anadolu\u2019da elde edilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 raporda evli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n %15\u2019i e\u015finin cinsel \u015fiddetine maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir. En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oran % 9 ile Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde, en y\u00fcksek oran ise % 29 ile Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde elde edilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kalan kad\u0131nlar cinsel \u015fiddet i\u00e7in de y\u00fcksek risk ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrkiye genelinde fiziksel \u015fiddet ya\u015fayan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131n\u0131n % 42 oldu\u011fu, bunun en s\u0131k 40- 59 ya\u015f grubunda ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir. E\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi ile \u015fiddet oranlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda tersine ili\u015fki bulunmu\u015ftur. E\u011fitimsiz ve ilkokul d\u00fczeyinde e\u011fitimi olan kad\u0131nlarda \u015fiddete maruz kalma oran %56 iken, Lise mezunu-\u00fcniversite e\u011fitimli olanlarda % 32 bulunmu\u015ftur. \u00dcniversite mezunu olanlarda % 17 bulunmas\u0131, lise ve \u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim olan evli 10 kad\u0131ndan 3 \u00fcnde \u015fiddet \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Hamilelikte e\u015f veya bir yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n cinsel \u015fiddetine maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131, Kuzey Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da %18, Marmara b\u00f6lgesinde %5; e\u015f\/partner d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiden cinsel \u015fiddete maruz kalan 15 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 ise genel olarak % 3, kentlerde %4, k\u0131rsalda %2\u2019dir. Kad\u0131nlar, istismarc\u0131lar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir tan\u0131d\u0131k veya akraba oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. 15 ya\u015f alt\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n %7\u2019si cinsel istismara maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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E\u015f \u015fiddeti<\/strong>\u00a0\u00f6nemli bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunudur. Ayn\u0131 taramada e\u015f \u015fiddetini ya\u015fayan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n beden ve ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununun \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek oranda bulundu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda intihar \u00f6nemli bir yer almaktad\u0131r. E\u015f \u015fiddeti nedeni ile tamamlanm\u0131\u015f intiharlar\u0131n tam say\u0131s\u0131 ve oran\u0131 bilinmemektedir. Ancak \u015fiddet ma\u011fduru kad\u0131nlara intihar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri ve\/veya giri\u015fimleri soruldu\u011funda intihar riskinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmemesi gereken bir sorun oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. E\u015flerinden fiziksel ve\/veya cinsel \u015fiddet g\u00f6ren evli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde, \u015fiddet g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlara g\u00f6re hayat\u0131na son vermeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olanlar d\u00f6rt kat, son vermi\u015f olanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 kat fazlad\u0131r. Kendini \u00f6ld\u00fcrme giri\u015fiminde bulunanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 4 kat fazlad\u0131r ( %15). Buna kar\u015f\u0131, e\u015f \u015fiddeti nedeniyle resmi bir kurum veya bir Sivil Toplum Kurulu\u015funa ba\u015fvurma oran\u0131 hala \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (%8).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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K\u0131z \u00e7cuklar\u0131n\u0131n erken ya\u015fta evlendirilmeleri de \u015fiddete zemin haz\u0131rlayan, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, kendini geli\u015ftirme, ailesiyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme gibi haklar\u0131ndan mahrum etmekte ve bir\u00e7ok sosyal, ruhsal ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu konuda da Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlerin ilgili kampanyalar\u0131na destek vererek fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesinden (A\u0130HM) aile i\u00e7i \u015fiddet nedeniyle ceza alan ilk \u00fclke T\u00fcrkiye\u2019dir. Bu cezan\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 neden olan ki\u015fi devlet taraf\u0131ndan korunamamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak e\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir kad\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1999\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddetekar\u015f\u0131 toplumda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak amac\u0131yla\u00a0BM Genel Kurulu\u00a0karar\u0131 ile ilan edilen g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. BM Genel Kurulu\u00a01999\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a025 Kas\u0131m\u00a0g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc Kad\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik \u015eiddete Kar\u015f\u0131 Uluslararas\u0131 M\u00fccadele G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ilan etti. Bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn 25 Kas\u0131m olarak belirlenmesinin nedeni 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0Dominik Cumhuriyeti‘nde meydana gelen bir olaya dayanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkeyi\u00a0diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckle\u00a0y\u00f6neten\u00a0Rafael Trujillo‘ya kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilinen\u00a0Mirabal karde\u015fler\u00a0adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131z karde\u015f, Trujillo’nun: “\u00dclkede iki tehlike var: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[33],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/646"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/646\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}