{"id":11214,"date":"2016-09-01T07:44:08","date_gmt":"2016-09-01T07:44:08","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-11-15T22:36:42","modified_gmt":"2020-11-15T22:36:42","slug":"7-soruda-zorunlu-bireysel-emeklilik-sistemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/2016\/09\/01\/7-soruda-zorunlu-bireysel-emeklilik-sistemi\/","title":{"rendered":"7 SORUDA ZORUNLU B\u0130REYSEL EMEKL\u0130L\u0130K S\u0130STEM\u0130!"},"content":{"rendered":"
Erkan Aydo\u011fano\u011flu AKP H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan dayat\u0131lan zorunlu Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi ile ilgili sorular\u0131 cevapland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/pre>\n
1- ZORUNLU B\u0130REYSEL EMEKL\u0130L\u0130K S\u0130STEM\u0130 (BES) NE ANLAMA GEL\u0130YOR?<\/h3>\n
As\u0131l ad\u0131 \u201cBireysel Emeklilik Tasarruf ve Yat\u0131r\u0131m Sistemi\u201d olan Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi (BES) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana uygulan\u0131yor. Sistemin as\u0131l amac\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n tasarruflar\u0131n\u0131n bir fon hesab\u0131 \u00fczerinden piyasada de\u011ferlendirilerek i\u015fletmek. Sisteme giren kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar 56 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar her ay d\u00fczenli prim \u00f6demek zorundalar. Bireysel Emeklilik Sisteminde yer alan en avantajl\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 grubu 46 ve \u00fczeri ya\u015f grubu oldu\u011fu halde ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 45 ve alt\u0131 ya\u015f grubunu kapsamas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin daha fazla kaynak yaratmak i\u00e7in prim \u00f6deme s\u00fcresini \u00f6zellikle uzun tutmak istedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
2-\u00a0H\u00dcK\u00dcMET ZORUNLU BES \u0130LE NEY\u0130 AMA\u00c7LIYOR?<\/h3>\n
Bas\u0131nda \u201cikinci emeklilik\u201d olarak pazarlanan zorunlu BES ile H\u00fck\u00fcmetin as\u0131l amac\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7ilerden yap\u0131lan kesintilerle olu\u015fturulacak fon hesab\u0131ndaki paralar\u0131 ekonominin ve patronlar\u0131n kaynak ihtiyac\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanmak. Fon kaynaklar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle \u201c\u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n projeler\u201d ve patronlara kaynak aktarmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak. T\u0131pk\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu\u2019nda biriken paralar\u0131n i\u015fsizlerden \u00e7ok ba\u015fka alanlarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi, emeklilik fonlar\u0131nda biriken paralar\u0131n da h\u00fck\u00fcmet yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, bor\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6denmesi ve patronlara y\u00f6nelik te\u015fvikler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde herhangi bir engel yok.\u00a0<\/p>\n
3-\u00a0ZORUNLU BES NE ZAMAN BA\u015eLIYOR VE K\u0130MLER\u0130 KAPSIYOR?<\/h3>\n
Zorunlu BES resmi olarak 1 Ocak 2017\u2019de ba\u015flayacak. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, \u201czorunlu\u201d ifadesinin olumsuz etkisini azaltmak i\u00e7in \u201cotomatik kat\u0131l\u0131m\u201d ifadesini kullan\u0131yor. 1 Ocak 2017\u2019den itibaren 45 ya\u015f alt\u0131nda bulunan t\u00fcm \u00fccretliler (i\u015f\u00e7iler ve memurlar)bu d\u00fczenlemenin kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7inde. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 13 milyon ki\u015fiyi ilgilendiren bu d\u00fczenleme ile i\u015f\u00e7ilerin s\u0131rt\u0131ndan 100 milyar TL\u2019lik haz\u0131r kaynak yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n
4-\u00a0PR\u0130M KES\u0130NT\u0130LER\u0130 NE KADAR OLACAK?<\/h3>\n
2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda asgari \u00fccret alan bir i\u015f\u00e7inin prime esas kazanc\u0131n\u0131n (\u00fccret, ikramiyeler, sosyal \u00f6demeler vbdahil) y\u00fczde 3\u2019\u00fc zorunlu BES primi olarak, patronlar taraf\u0131ndan kesilecek ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin iradesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda patronlar\u0131n belirledi\u011fi fon hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lacak. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fccretlere g\u00f6re yap\u0131lacak kesintiler 50 TL ile 320 TL aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor. 2017\u2019de bu miktarlar \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f oran\u0131na g\u00f6re daha da artacak. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin ikramiyeleri varsa, ikramiye ald\u0131klar\u0131 ay yap\u0131lacak kesinti daha fazla olacak.\u00a0
Asgari \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fccretinden bug\u00fcnk\u00fc hesaplamayla ayl\u0131k 50 TL, y\u0131ll\u0131k 600 TL kesinti yap\u0131lacak. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin ayl\u0131k prime esas kazanc\u0131 2.000 TL ise ayl\u0131k 60 TL, y\u0131ll\u0131k 720 TL kesilecek. Ayl\u0131k prime esas kazan\u00e7 3.000 TL ise, ayl\u0131k 90 TL, y\u0131ll\u0131k 1.080 TL kesilip, Bireysel Emeklilik Fonuna aktar\u0131lacak.\u00a0<\/p>\n
5-\u00a0B\u0130REYSEL EMEKL\u0130L\u0130K \u0130LE \u201c\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 EMEKL\u0130L\u0130K \u015eANSI\u201d \u0130DD\u0130ASI NE KADAR DO\u011eRU?<\/h3>\n
Ekim 2008\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 (SSGSS) kanunu ile bir taraftan emeklilik ya\u015f\u0131 65\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131rken, i\u015f\u00e7i ve memur emeklilerine \u00f6denen emekli maa\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flama oranlar\u0131 kademeli olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe g\u00f6re \u00f6rne\u011fin 2008 \u00f6ncesinde emekli olan bir i\u015f\u00e7i son br\u00fct maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019ini emekli maa\u015f\u0131 olarak alabiliyorken, yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenleme ile bu orankademeli olarak y\u00fczde 50\u2019ye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ba\u015fka bir ifade ile 2008 sonras\u0131nda i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin emekli olduklar\u0131nda maa\u015flar\u0131 y\u00fczde 23 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olacak. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin emekli maa\u015flar\u0131ndaki y\u00fczde 23\u2019l\u00fck azalmay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cikinci emeklilik\u201d ya da \u201cek gelir\u201d iddialar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tm\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n
6-\u00a0ZORUNLU BES \u0130LE \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130LERE \u201cEK GEL\u0130R\u201d SA\u011eLANACA\u011eI \u0130DD\u0130ASI NE KADAR GER\u00c7EK\u00c7\u0130?<\/h3>\n
Yap\u0131lan bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca en az 6 farkl\u0131 i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u015fsiz kal\u0131yor ve her seferinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisindeki istikrars\u0131zl\u0131klar, y\u00fcksek enflasyon ve TL\u2019nin s\u00fcrekli de\u011fer kaybetmesi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u00fczde 25 devlet katk\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen, zorunlu BES\u2019ten i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bir yana, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yap\u0131lan y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck prim kesintilerinin tam olarak geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. \u00a0T\u0131pk\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte uygulanan \u201czorunlu tasarruf fonu\u201d uygulamas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, zorunlu BES konusunda da benzer bir sonucun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.\u00a0<\/p>\n
7-\u00a0\u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130LER\u0130N S\u0130STEME G\u0130RMEK \u0130STEMEME HAKKI VAR MI? S\u0130STEMDEN NASIL \u00c7IKILAB\u0130L\u0130R?<\/h3>\n
Uygulama 1 Ocak 2017\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 45 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki her i\u015f\u00e7i otomatik olarak sisteme dahiledilecek. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u201cben istemiyorum\u201d deme hakk\u0131 yok. Ancak uygulama ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonraki 2 ay i\u00e7inde (2 ay sonra de\u011fil) sonra i\u015f\u00e7iler cayma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak sistemden ayr\u0131labilir. Bu hakk\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendi istedi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm kesintiler i\u015f\u00e7ilere herhangi bir kesinti yap\u0131lmadan iade edilmek zorunda.\u00a0<\/p>\n
31 A\u011eUSTOS 2016<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Erkan Aydo\u011fano\u011flu AKP H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan dayat\u0131lan zorunlu Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi ile ilgili sorular\u0131 cevapland\u0131rd\u0131. 1- ZORUNLU B\u0130REYSEL EMEKL\u0130L\u0130K S\u0130STEM\u0130 (BES) NE ANLAMA GEL\u0130YOR? As\u0131l ad\u0131 \u201cBireysel Emeklilik Tasarruf ve Yat\u0131r\u0131m Sistemi\u201d olan Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi (BES) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana uygulan\u0131yor. Sistemin as\u0131l amac\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n tasarruflar\u0131n\u0131n bir fon hesab\u0131 \u00fczerinden piyasada de\u011ferlendirilerek i\u015fletmek. Sisteme […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[613,612],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11214"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11214"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11214\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12290,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11214\/revisions\/12290"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kultursanatsen.org.tr\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}